7 Logical Operator

• Logical operators are identical in both languages

• Logical comparisons are different

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7.1 Logical operation: R & Python

Operator	Explanation	Example
==	X equals Y?	X == Y
!=	X NOT equals Y?	X != Y
<	X less than Y?	X < Y
<=	X less than OR equals Y?	X <= Y
>	X greater than Y?	X > Y
>=	X greater than or equals Y?	X >= Y

7.2 Logical comparison: R

Operator	Meaning	X	Y	Decision	Example
&	AND	TRUE	TRUE	TRUE	X & Y
&	AND	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	X & Y
&	AND	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	X & Y
&	AND	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	X & Y
|	OR	TRUE	TRUE	TRUE	X | Y
|	OR	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	X | Y
|	OR	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE	X | Y
|	OR	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	X | Y

Use ! as a logical NOT operator. It is a unary operator that is used before a single operand.

7.3 Logical comparison: Python

Operator	Meaning	X	Y	Decision	Example
and	AND	TRUE	TRUE	TRUE	X and Y
and	AND	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	X and Y
and	AND	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	X and Y
and	AND	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	X and Y
or	OR	TRUE	TRUE	TRUE	X or Y
or	OR	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	X or Y
or	OR	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE	X or Y
or	OR	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	X or Y

Use not as a logical NOT operator. It is a unary operator that is used before a single operand.

In Python:

• & : Bitwise AND

• | : Bitwise OR

• ^ : Bitwise XOR